Stem Cells Applications
STEM CELLS Can Treat More Than 80 Diseases.
Doctors have been using cord blood stem cells for more than 30 years. It is one of the most frequently used sources of hematopoietic stem cells for treating blood problems, immune system disorders, metabolic disorders, and blood cancers (including leukaemia). Over 80 distinct life-threatening disorders are currently treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Globally, scientists are researching the utility of hematopoietic stem cells as a potential treatment for conditions including diabetes, heart disease and autism spectrum disorder. The applications for cord blood will certainly increase, and it may even be used as a treatment for numerous additional illnesses.
A bone marrow or stem cells transplant is a medical procedure that uses healthy cells to replace your bone marrow. The replacement cells may come from your own body or from a related or unrelated donor. A hematopoietic stem cell transplant, or simply a stem cell transplant, is another name for a bone marrow transplant. Leukaemia, myeloma, lymphoma, and other blood and immune system disorders that damage the bone marrow can all be treated by transplantation.
Master cells known as stem cells have the capacity to multiply and transform into the various cell types that your body requires. Different types of stem cells can be discovered in various parts of the body at various times.
Hematopoietic stem cells can get affect from cancer and its treatment. The stem cells that develop into blood cells are known as hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the body’s soft, spongy bone marrow tissue, in the centre of most bones. These stem cells in the blood that circulate throughout your body as well.
Hematopoietic stem cells may not develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets when injured. Each of these blood cells performs a specific function, making them all very important.
- Red blood cells provide the body with oxygen and transport carbon dioxide to your lungs for exhalation.
- White blood cells form an integral part of your immune system as they combat pathogens including all illness-causing bacteria and viruses.
- Platelets create clots to stop bleeding.
Healthy stem cells are put into your bone marrow or blood during a bone marrow/stem cell transplant surgery. As a result, your body’s capacity to produce the necessary amounts of platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells is restored.
Typically, stem cell transplants don’t directly combat cancer. Instead, they aid in your body’s ability to make stem cells after you’ve received chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both at extremely high dosages.
The stem cell transplant may directly combat cancer in cases of multiple myeloma and some forms of leukaemia. This occurs as a result of the graft-versus-tumour reaction that might follow after allogeneic transplantation. After high-dose therapies, graft-versus-tumour occurs when white blood cells from your donor (the graft) fight any cancer cells that are still present in your body (the tumour). This result enhances the effectiveness of the treatments.
WHO RECEIVES STEM CELL TRANSPLANTS?
The most common conditions for which stem cell transplants are used are leukaemia and lymphoma. They could also be applied to multiple myeloma and neuroblastoma.
Clinical trials, which are human research studies, are being conducted to investigate stem cell transplantation for several types of cancer.
How long does it take to have a stem cell transplant?
A stem cell transplant can take a few months to complete. High doses of chemotherapy, radiation therapy or a combination of the two are delivered as the first step in the procedure. The duration of this treatment is one to two weeks. Once it is done, will have a few days to rest.
The stem cells that produce blood cells will be given and which will receive via an IV catheter. This procedure is like getting a blood transplant. It takes 1 to 5 hours to receive all the stem cells. Then start the recovery phase after receiving the stem cells, wait for the blood cells received to begin producing fresh blood cells throughout this period.
Application Of Stem Cells In Medicine
In Today’s Modern World Stem Cells are used in the treatment of over
80+ critical medical conditions, Gradually Growing Day By Day
Currently Treatable Conditions
Today, cord blood stem cells are used in the treatment of more than 80 different medical conditions, including Anemia, Leukemia, and bone marrow cancers
Cord Blood Research
There are more than 300 clinical trials going on for regenerative therapies including Cerebral Palsy, Type 1 & 2 Diabetes, Heart Diseases, Neurological Diseases & Injuries etc...
Cord Tissue Research
Mesenchymal stem cells from cord tissue are used to generate growth factors that help with tissue repair and can develop into a neural cells, bone cells, fat cells, and cartilage.
Acute Myelofibrosis
Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis)
Amyloidosis
Aplastic Anemia (Severe)
Beta Thalassemia Major
Blackfan-Diamond Anemia
Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia (CAT)
Congenital Cytopenia
Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia
Dyskeratosis Congenita
Essential Thrombocythemia
Fanconi Anemia
Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia
Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
Polycythemia Vera
Pure Red Cell Aplasia
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts (RAEB)
Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transition
(RAEB-T)
Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (RARS)
Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
Sickle Cell Disease
Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia
Adult T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Chronic Active Epstein Barr
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Ewing’s Sarcoma (Autologous)
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (Autologous)
Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML)
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML)
Myeloid/Natural Killer (NK) Cell PrecursorAcute Leukemia
Medulloblastoma (Autologous)
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Prolymphocytic Leukemia
Plasma Cell Leukemia (Autologous)
Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Multiple Myeloma (Autologous)
Neuroblastoma (Autologous)
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Retinoblastoma (Autologous)
Thymoma (Thymic Carcinoma)
Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia (Autologous)
Wilms Tumor
Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency (ADD)
Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome (BLS)
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (CHS)
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Congenital Neutropenia
DiGeorge Syndrome
Evans Syndrome
Fucosidosis
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Hemophagocytosis Langerhans’ Cell Histiocytosis
(Histiocytosis X)
IKK Gamma Deficiency (NEMO Deficiency)
Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy,
X-linked (IPEX) Syndrome
Kostmann Syndrome (SCID)
Myelokathexis
Omenn Syndrome (SCID)
Phosphorylase Deficiency(SCID)
Purine Nucleoside (SCID)
Reticular Dysgenesis (SCID)
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases (SCID)
Thymic Dysplasia
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
X-linked Agammaglobulinemia
X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Disorder
X-Linked Hyper IgM Syndrome
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (Gunther Disease)
Gaucher Disease
Hunter Syndrome (MPS-II)
Hurler Syndrome (MPS-IH)
Krabbe Disease
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Mannosidosis
Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI)
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease)
Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (Batten Disease)
Niemann-Pick Disease
Sandhoff Disease
Sanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III)
Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS)
Sly Syndrome (MPS-VII)
Tay Sachs
Wolman Disease
X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Autologous – For the medical conditions that extracts patient’s own stem cells for treatment.
Allogeneic – Rest of the medical conditions mentioned above use stem cells from donor for treatment.
Reference American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT) and Parents Guide to Cord Blood Foundation
